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README.md

This is the main repository for development and distribution of RDF-UNL.

The main reference to describe RDF-UNL is the article submited to the SEMANTiCS 2020 EU conference :

Natural language representation and content extraction using RDF, SHACL and the Universal Networking Language (UNL)

David Rouquet (1), Valérie Bellynck(2), Vincent Berment (2,3,4) and Christian Boitet (2)

  1. Tétras Libre SARL, 38400, St Martin d’Hères, France
  2. UGA-LIG-GETALP, 38080, Grenoble, France
  3. CS GROUP, 92350, Le Plessis Robinson, France
  4. INaLCO, 75214, Paris, France

The submited version of the article is available in the repositiory (in documents)

Presentation

RDF-UNL proposes a complete serialization of the Universal Networking Language (UNL) as a schema on top of RDF.

UNL is a linguistico-semantic interlingua that represents a sentence in any natural language L as a hypergraph, where arcs bear semantic relations, and nodes bear interlingual lexemes (word senses) taken from an autonomous lexical space, plus semantic and pragmatic features.

UNL has been acknowledged as a framework suited to machine translation and tasks such as (multilingual) question answering, information extraction, information retrieval, etc.
Therefore it is a strong candidate to operate as a linguistic paradigm for machine reading in Semantic Web applications. RDF-UNL equips the Semantic Web with a linguistic framework to soundly represent the meaning of a sentence, directly in RDF.

Working example instructions

This repository contains a working example that is described in the SEMANTiCS 2020 paper. It is a proposed application of RDF-UNL to represent sentences in RDF, construct OWL statements using SHACL rules and exhibit an incoherence in the original sentences using OWL reasoning. For details, please refer to the 4th section of the article.

To reproduce the results, please follow the instructions bellow :

  1. Download and install Topbraid Composer (TBC) Free, Standard or Maestro Edition
  2. Launch TBC and choose your workspace. We will call it myWorkspace.
  3. $ cd myWorkspace
  4. $ git clone https://gitlab.tetras-libre.fr/unl/rdf-unl.git
  5. In TBC : File -> New -> Project -> General -> Project -> Next, and in Project name enter "rdf-unl" then click Finish
  6. In TBC, open rdf-unl/exemple-shacl-rules.shapes.ttl in the Project explorer panel (bottom left). The file contains the SHACL rules and imports the rdf-unl model and the example.
  7. In TBC menu : Inference -> Run Inferences
  8. You should now see the infered triples in the Inference tab (bottom center)
  9. You can now save the infered triples and run an OWL reasonner on them to exhibit the contradiction they contain (for instance in Protégé 5 as suggested in the paper)

If you are at ease with Semantic Web programing, you can also execute the SHACL rules with a library like Jena (beware that they are SHACL SPARQL CONSTRUCT Rules and are not supported by all SHACL engines)